A Review of the 2025 UNICEF and UNESCO Reports Introduction Over the past several decades, Afghanistan has faced complex humanitarian crises, ranging from war and political instability to natural disasters and prolonged economic […]
In the 21st century, the collapse of physical borders, the expansion of globalization, and the increasing economic and trade interdependence have further linked the interests of nations. Countries are striving to remove obstacles […]
By: Mohammad Eisa Rezaei Introduction Development is a critical global challenge. Developing Countries are striving to achieve sustainable development goals through strategic planning and targeted investments. Women, comprising half the global population, play […]
Introduction: The Paradox of Wealth and Deprivation Afghanistan sits atop a sea of hidden treasures; a land whose towering mountains harbor billions of dollars in mineral wealth, particularly pure gold. However, in a […]
A Review of the 2025 UNICEF and UNESCO Reports Introduction Over the past several decades, Afghanistan has faced complex humanitarian crises, ranging from war and political instability to natural disasters and prolonged economic […]
Since 2021, Afghanistan has faced an acute fiscal shock following the near‑collapse of external financing. Prior to the Taliban takeover, international aid financed more than two-thirds of public spending and around 40 percent […]
Introduction Afghanistan is often described as a country rich in natural resources but poor in lived economic outcomes. Estimates of vast mineral reserves—ranging from coal, gold, and precious stones to copper, iron ore, […]
Introduction After the Taliban returned to power in 2021, the suspension of foreign aid caused a severe economic shock in Afghanistan, a country highly dependent on international assistance. The economy contracted sharply, pushing […]
